What Causes Tooth Decay?
Tooth decay is one of the most common dental problems in the world — but also one of the most preventable. At Sweet Water Dentistry in Fairhope, AL, we diagnose and treat decay every day, and we’ve seen how understanding the causes can help patients make healthier choices. This guide breaks down how cavities form, what really puts your teeth at risk, and how you can protect your smile for life.
What Is Tooth Decay?
Tooth decay occurs when harmful bacteria break down the enamel (your tooth’s protective shell). Over time, this creates holes called cavities. If untreated, decay spreads deeper, affecting the dentin and eventually the nerve of the tooth.
The 4 Main Causes of Tooth Decay
1. Bacteria + Sugar = Acid
When you eat sugar or refined carbs (like sweets, sodas, breads, or juices), bacteria in your mouth feed on them and release acid.
This acid is the true cause of decay.
2. Poor Oral Hygiene
Not brushing and flossing properly lets plaque harden into tartar, which traps bacteria against the enamel.
3. Dry Mouth
Saliva is your mouth’s natural defense system. It washes away particles and neutralizes acid.
Dry mouth increases cavity risk dramatically, especially in people taking medications for:
- Blood pressure
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Allergies
- Diabetes
4. Deep Grooves in Teeth
Some teeth have naturally deep pits and fissures that trap food and bacteria.
Other Risk Factors
- Acidic drinks (sodas, energy drinks, citrus waters)
- Snacking all day
- Genetics
- Smoking or vaping
- High-carb diets
- Lack of fluoride
Stages of Tooth Decay
- Demineralization – white spots appear
- Enamel decay – the cavity begins
- Dentin decay – sensitivity increases
- Pulp damage – infection begins
- Abscess – severe swelling/pain
Early detection is key. Regular cleanings at Sweet Water Dentistry stop decay in its tracks.
How We Diagnose Tooth Decay
At your checkup, we use:
- Digital X-rays
- Visual exams
- Gentle probing
- Laser cavity detection (if needed)
These help us catch issues early — often before you feel pain.
How to Prevent Tooth Decay
- Brush twice daily with fluoride
- Floss every day
- Avoid sugary snacks
- Rinse after acidic drinks
- Drink more water
- Visit Sweet Water Dentistry every 6 months
Conclusion
Tooth decay may be common, but it’s not unavoidable. With personalized care, proper hygiene, and regular checkups, you can enjoy a healthy smile for life.
Call or text 251-210-2773 to schedule your next cleaning.
Visit us for expert care:
Sweet Water Dentistry
📍 5915 Sweetwater Cir, Fairhope, AL 36532
🌐 sweetwatersmile.com
📞 Call or Text: (251) 210-2773
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